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XX%XX@X%XXX%  'dxd( $ Figure  1  Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5\W[Z I&mage <=8C HKKKK !   XX%XX@X%XXX%  _  ''X'NAME___________________________________      THESOLARECLIPSECYCLE  b     0 '  1. ' SetupStarryNightforthisexperimentbyselectinganequatorialorientation,andturningoff  d thedaylight.In[Settings],choose[Planet/Sun,Enlargemoonsize(off)].Findand_Centre_/LockontheMoon.Setthetimeto:4:;1;>;0;>?1?:00:00<A<=P=M,andthedatetoAugust@18@@29@,200A0AB1B.Chooseafieldofviewof15degrees,and#X%XXX%displaytheecliptic#X%XX#X%p#Ԁbyusing[Guides,Ecliptic,TheEcliptic(on)].  '(#'(# 0 ' StarryNightisdisplayingthenewMoonofthistimeanddate.ThephaseisnewbecausetheMoonisnearesttotheSunasseenfromEarth,butnotealsothatnoeclipsecanoccur,sincetheMooniswellnorthoftheecliptic. '(#'(# 0 ' StepaheadintimebydaysandnoticetheMoonchangingphases,andmovingaboveandbelowtheecliptic.X%XXX%Inorderforasolareclipsetooccur,thephaseoftheMoonmustbenew,andthe ` Moonitselfmustbeneartheecliptic.#X%XXX%ܒ#ԀAtthenextnewMoon,onSeptemberC1CC2C7,theMoonis F againnotcloseenoughtotheeclipticforittoeclipsetheSun. '(#'(# sw?/+bz0 `@Ep%JJJs0 ' Inanearlierexperiment,wedeterminedthattheperiodbetweensuccessivenewMoonphasesisthesynodicperiodoftheMoon.WecanaskStarryNighttostepintimebythatamountbychoosingatimestepof001lunarmonths.Dothis,thenstepforwardtothenextnewMoon.(YoumayalsoneedtoaddorsubtractafewhourstobringtheMoonclosertotheSun).ContinuethispatternofonelunarmonthstepthenadjustmentofthehoursuntilyoufindtheMooneclipsingtheSun.Changethefieldofviewto3degrees,andchangethetimeuntilyoudeterminethemiddleoftheeclipse(maximumamountofSuncoveredbytheMoon).Recordthedateandtimeofthisevent. '(#'(#  '   Date_______________0 h Time____________ESTh(#h(# 2.0 ' LetusexaminetheextentofthiseclipseasseenfromvariousplacesontheEarth.Placethe p!  cursoronthenumber40intheLat(_itude_)spaceintheToolBoxandclickonce.Thenumberwillreversecolor,andthenyoucanchangethisvalue,effectivelymovinginlatitudeonthesurfaceoftheEarth.Byexperimentingwithvariousvalues,determinethenorthernandsouthernlimitsinlatitudeforthiseclipse. '(#'(#  '   LatitudeLimits:0  Northern____________o0p(#(#SouthernX%XXX%____________o#X%XhX%% #&$"&p(#p(#   (#( L 5h(#L  3    325h  3  .3  0 '   OneofthemoreinterestingfeaturesofStarrynightisitsabilitytosimulateaneventseenfrom b anylocation,eveninspace.RightclickontheMoonandchooseGoThere.FindtheEarth,changethefieldofviewto3degrees,thenrightclickontheEarthand_Centre_/Lock.RightclickontheEarthagainandchoosesettings,guides,OK.Thelatitude/longitudegridandtheequatoraredisplayedontheEarthssurface. 3H݌ '(#'(# Ќ  0 ' CarefullyexaminetheMoonsshadowonthesurfaceoftheEarth.Doestheshadowhaveanorthernlimit,andthereforedoesitagreewithyourdeterminationofitinpart2above? '(#'(# 0 ' ByplacingthecursoratthesouthernmostedgeoftheMoonsshadow(neartheEarthsequator),determineitssouthernlimit.Doesitagreewithyourdeterminationofitinpart2above? '(#'(#   3    325h  4  .3  0 '   MoveaboutinhoursandminutestoobservethemovementoftheMoonsshadowandthe t rotationoftheEarth.Estimatethestartingandendingtimesofthiseclipse. 3݌ '(#'(# Ќ   '   StartingTime______________UT0  0(#(#EndingTime$X%XXX%______________UT#X%XX$X%]#&v(#(#  '   3   sw ?/+bz09 `@E?JTs 325h  5  .3  0 '   Letusfindthenextsolareclipse.ReturntoPhiladelphiabyclickingtheHomebuttonin ( theToolBox.FindtheMoon,changethefieldofviewto15degrees,andin[Settings],choose[orientation,equatorial].RightclickontheMoonand_Centre_/Lock 3z݌ '(#'(# Ќ  sw%?/+bz0 `@E!B9!JJs0 ' Continuethepatternofsteppingaheadonelunarmonth,thenadjustingthehourstoseeifaneclipseoccurs.IftheMoonandSuncomewithinafewoftheirdiametersofeachother(aboutthesizeofaquarteronthescreen),besuretochangethelatitudetocheckforaneclipse.Ifyouobserveaneclipse,changethefieldofviewto3degrees,andchangethestepto1minutetofindtheexacttimeoftheeclipse.Recordthedateandtimebelow.Recordalsothetypeofeclipse:total,partial,orannular.Ifthereisnoeclipse,continuethesearchprocess. '(#'(# 0 ' 0'(#'(#Date______________Time______________Type______________ (#(# 0 ' FromthealtitudeoftheMoonduringthiseclipse,wouldtheeclipsebevisiblefromthislocationinPhiladelphia?Explain. '(#'(#  -n(- Ї '   3    3Y25h  6  .3  0 '   !X%XXX%Foreachofthenextthreesolareclipses#X%XX!X%#,repeatthestepsinpart5abovetofindthem.Record b belowthedate,time,type(total,partial,annular)andvisibility(yesorno)fromPhiladelphia. 3Y݌ '(#'(# Ќ  X%XXX%0 ' 0'(#'(#Date__________0(#(#Time__________0(#(#Type__________0 (#(#Visible__________ d (# (# #X%XXX%3# X%XXX%0 ' 0'(#'(#Date__________0(#(#Time__________0(#(#Type__________0 (#(#Visible__________ 0 (# (# #X%XX X%.#*X%XXX%0 ' 0'(#'(#Date__________0(#(#Time__________0(#(#Type__________0 (#(#Visible__________   (# (# #X%XX*X%)# X%XXX%#X%XX X%% #  3    3h 25h  7  .3  0 '   Fromanexaminationofthedatesofthefivesolareclipsesyouhavefound,commentonthe ^  howoftenaneclipseoccurssomewhereontheEarth. 3h ݌ '(#'(# Ќ  Thecycleofeclipsesservesasakindofcelestialclockthatallowsmodernhistorianstogaugethetimeandplaceofcertainimportantpastevents.8.0 '   TheGreekhistorianHerodotuschroniclestheBattleofNineveh(near_Mosul_,ontheTigrisriver Z inmodernIraq),betweenthe_Lydians_Ԁ(fromthewesternregionofmodernTurkey)andthelocalMedians.AterrifyingeclipseoftheSunjustatsunsetpersuaded_Alayattes_,the_Lydian_Ԁking,and_Cyaxares_,theMediankingtojoinwith_Nebuchadrezzar_ԀII,theKingofBabylon,toenterintoatreatyandalliance1.f"B'(#'(#   0 ' SetupStarryNighttosearchforthiseclipse.Changetothestandardfieldofview\.Inthe  ToolBox,selectlocation,thenlookup_Mosul_,Iraq,andsetthatlocation.IntheTimeTool,choose12:00:01AMforMarch1,585BC.Findand_Centre_/LockontheMoon.Zoomintoa15degreefieldofview. '(#'(# sw-?/+bz0 `@EJ#B"JJs0 ' "X%XXX%Continuethepatternofsteppingahead#X%XX"X%k'#"X%XXX%Ԁonelunarmonth,thenadjustingthehourstoseeif <#" aneclipseoccurs.IftheMoonandSuncomewithinafewoftheirdiametersofeachother(aboutthesizeofaquarteronthescreen),besuretochangethelatitudetocheckforaneclipse.Ifyouobserveaneclipse,changethefieldofviewto3degrees,andchangethestepto1minutetofindtheexacttimeoftheeclipse.Recordthedateandtime,andthealtitudeoftheSunbelow.#X%XX"X%'#' #''(#'(# (#(#p(#0 ' 0'(#'(#Date____________MideclipseTime____________0(#(#SunsAltitude________o)$)(#(# 1AncientHistory,CharlesA.Robinson,Jr.,_McMillan_Ԁ&Co.,NewYork.1967,K,XX% 8,',  b(#F25FG13_AugustGFOctoberF_Ԁ200D0DE1EX%X,,K